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💬 AI-assisted grammar analysis: bona functions as a coordinative linker joining elements of equal grammatical status within a clause. Items connected by bona share the same role, governing verb, or relational marker, and are treated as a single coordinated set rather than sequential or hierarchical elements. The particle expresses addition without implication of order, causality, or contrast.
💬 as for; with respect to Signals a change in focus, not sequence. AI-assisted grammar analysis: bena functions as a relational frame marker introducing a new participant or perspective within an already established scene. It shifts focus without advancing time or altering the situational context. The particle is commonly used to layer information, contrast relational roles, or foreground a participant while maintaining narrative continuity.
💬 Third person singular irrealis/future verb marker. Indicates future action, purpose, or jussive ("let it..."). "baine haridia" = let it divide, "baine mase" = will die, "baine vara" = let there be. Part of paradigm: ba (2sg), bae (3pl), baine (3sg). Contrast with "vada e" (completed/perfective).
💬 Marks second-person irrealis mood, used for commands, instructions, blessings, and intended actions addressed directly to the addressee. It encodes both person (you) and non-actualized status (future, command, wish). Common in divine speech where God speaks to creatures regarding what they are to do. Part of paradigm: baina (1sg), ba (2nd), baine (3sg), bae (3pl)
💬 Two functions: (1) Copula/equative marker linking subject to predicate, indicating identity or equivalence ("ladana ta be Abraham" = another name is Abraham). (2) In fixed phrase "badina be" (3531×) = because, for (causal). Standalone "be" marks what something IS rather than what it DOES.
💬 Third person plural irrealis/future verb marker. Indicates future action or jussive ("let them...") for plural subjects. "bae haridia" = let them divide, "bae honu" = let them fill, "bae mase" = they will die, "bae vara" = let them multiply. Part of paradigm: baina (1sg), ba (2nd), baine (3sg), bae (3pl). Used when speaking ABOUT multiple entities, not TO them.